Nurse burnout leads to higher health care-associated infection rates and costs hospitals millions of additional dollars annually, according to a study published in the American Journal of Infection Control.
Researchers analyzed data collected by the Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council, the American Hospital Association Annual Survey and a 2006 survey of more than 7,000 RNs from 161 hospitals in Pennsylvania to study the effect of nurse staffing and burnout on catheter-associated urinary tract infections and surgical site infections.
Comparing CAUTI rates with nurses' patient loads (5.7 patients on average), the researchers found that for each additional patient assigned to a nurse, there was roughly one additional infection per 1,000 patients (or 1,351 additional infections per year, calculated across the survey population). Additionally, each 10 percent increase in a hospital's high-burnout nurses corresponded with nearly one additional CAUTI and two additional SSIs per 1,000 patients annually (average rate of CAUTIs across hospitals was 9 per 1,000 patients; for SSIs it was 5 per 1,000 patients).
Using the per-patient average costs associated with CAUTIs ($749 to $832 each) and SSIs ($11,087 to $29,443 each), the researchers estimate that if nurse burnout rates could be reduced to 10 percent from an average of 30 percent, Pennsylvania hospitals could prevent an estimated 4,160 infections annually with an associated savings of $41 million.
Job-related burnout was determined by analyzing the emotional exhaustion subscale from the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey that was obtained from nurse responses. More than one-third of survey respondents got an emotional exhaustion score of 27 or greater, the survey's definition for health care personnel burnout.
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